Matplotlib legend without box
Matplotlib legend without box. N = 45 x, y = np. The vert = 0 attribute creates horizontal box plot. The bbox argument is in axes co-ordinates, so 0. get_label() if you want to map colors to specific labels. The artists needs to be scaled Mar 18, 2020 · Somehow, the pandas interface to matplotlib seems to mess up the call to get_legend_handles_labels. If you only have one figure and axes active, then you can use plt. I also tried to obtain the "legend position", but legend doesn't have a *get_position()* method. g. Since I was using dataframe, couldn't force the label name to desired one by default it takes the column name, so have changed the column name according to desired one and font size is too big when I tried to reduce the size -> legend = ax. Let’s discuss some concepts : A legend is an area describing the elements of the graph. legend(handles=[empty_patch]) In order to have this, as well as your existing legend entries, you can get a list of the existing legend handles and labels, add the extra ones to it, then plot the legend: import numpy as np. Apr 26, 2020 · You can add two different legends by specifying one for the Axes object and one for the Figure object, as below. subplot(111) This works, except that the legend is left aligned so that loc specifies the left edge/corner of the legend box and not the center. _legend_box box. gca(). The legend module defines the Legend class, which is responsible for drawing legends associated with axes and/or figures. 3. Your solution doesn't work if I implement it as df. Got the answer: legend = axes. legend(fontsize=16, loc='upper center',bbox_to_anchor=(0. You must generate you own legend using proxy artist instead. 7, the pad will be 70% of the axes height. append(txt) box. 3D box surface plot. This can be done with e. pyplot as plt def custom_legend(colors, labels, linestyles=None): """ Creates a list of matplotlib Patch objects that can be passed to the legend() function to create a custom legend. get_legend_handles_labels() by_label = dict(zip(labels, handles)) figure. gca() leg = ax. Individual visibility settings of these components are ignored as long as set_axis_off() is in effect. What does ** (double star/asterisk) and * (star/asterisk) do for parameters Oct 15, 2013 · Here is a function to add a legend to your figure without duplicate : def legend_without_duplicate_labels(figure): handles, labels = plt. This argument can be used for 2 The number of marker points in the legend when creating a legend entry for a PathCollection (scatter plot). font_manager. legend(facecolor='white', framealpha=1) will give your legend a white background without transparency. sin(x) y2 = np. Syntax: legend (markerfirst = bool, default: True) By default, the marker is placed first and the label is placed second. Default is True. The motiviation for wanting to do this is a work around to the problem of having the legend box obscuring data without resorting to “outside” placement of the legend. It would look as follows: import matplotlib. legend(loc=0, shadow=False)for label in legend. pyplot as plt import numpy as np x = np. Like it happens with this example from the Jul 2, 2007 · legend in upper right corner with label "line0". remove() if ax is the axes where the legend resides. 90. I would like to remove the box around the legend in my plot. Mar 23, 2019 · To modify legend labels: 1) get current labels via get_legend_handles_labels() after plotting. However, giving an explicit label ( pylab. 5 from -0. legend() legend. import matplotlib Automated legend creation #. Then a simplified representation of a box plot is drawn on top. Save the current figure. First to explain the output from the question: When using the 2-tuple notation for bbox_to_anchor, a bounding box without extent is created. Plot horizontal lines at each y from xmin to xmax. legend(frameon=None) You can also read the documentation on this page about plt. plot([1, 2, 3]) ax. Mar 28, 2017 · An alternative to making the box smaller is to remove the outline of the box using something like. To exclude an artist on the Axes from the bounding box calculation that determines the subplot parameters (i. show() edited May 7 at 2:48. Here is a MWE: text. Parameters: matplotlib. set_figure(box. FuncAnimation; matplotlib. If False, legend marker is placed to the right of the legend label. First, we need to shrink the width of the plot so that the legend fits the figure. The bins, range, density, and weights parameters are forwarded to numpy. Most users would normally create a legend via the legend function. legend() has a two argument form that accepts a list of objects (handles) and a list of strings (labels). plot. This method uses numpy. legend_elements method. To make a legend for all artists on an Axes, call this function with an iterable of strings, one for each legend item. 3, the axes gets smaller due to tight_layout and hence Oct 13, 2017 · 7. df={} Jun 14, 2022 · I tried following How to put the legend outside the plot but bargraphs dont seem to work with ax = fig. It is unlikely that you would ever create a Legend instance manually. Creation of corresponding legend handles from the plot elements in the axes or figures (e. arange(0, 10, 0. 3) call plt. This legend guide is an extension of the documentation available at legend() - please ensure you are familiar with contents of that documentation before proceeding with this guide. Note that the x and y coordinates here are relative, meaning that x=0 is the left most point in the plot and x=1 is the rightmost point in the plot. plot(legend=False) plt. The notch = True attribute creates the notch format to the box plot, patch_artist = True fills the boxplot with colors, we can set different colors to different boxes. The problem is that mode="expand" will expand the legend only Mar 8, 2022 · Output: Customizing Box Plot. get_frame() and then we can use frame. subplots() ax. # Backtrack ncol, plot the legend so it span the entire width of. I have modified your code: import pandas as pd. PNG file of legend only. In addition, Matplotlib also reflects the different markers in the matplotlib. handles, labels = ax. 'pandas' plots return AxesSubplot objects which can not be used for generating legends. set_text( text. xmin, xmaxfloat or array-like. By making it False, the marker and labels places will be swapped. I don't know why you want 0. Create 2D bar graphs in different planes. Those can be passed to the call to legend. , but couldn't find any. get_legend(). matplotlib. Control whether the legend should be drawn on a patch (frame). So in that case, create legend labels list legends, append the plots into another list elements and use list comprehension to put a legend for each of them: elements. ncol += 1. , lines, patches, etc. artist. Additionally, the labels parameter is used to provide x-tick labels for each sample. figure() legend = fig. Jul 17, 2020 · The number of marker points in the legend when creating a legend entry for a PathCollection (scatter plot). figure() ax = plt. FontProperties 或 dict Nov 28, 2017 · patch_artist=True, boxprops=dict(facecolor="C0")) You cannot save the plots as variables. The first figure demonstrates how to remove and add individual components (note that the mean is the only value not shown by default). legend, or annotation), set a. HandlerPathCollection(yoffsets=None, sizes=None, **kwargs) [source] #. 0) p2 = plt. If it is in the lower left corner it will move up and to the right. legend without any arguments and without setting the labels manually will result in no legend being drawn. Jun 20, 2017 · What this command does is to extend or shrink the area of the saved figure to include all the artists in it. It will automatically try to determine a useful number of legend entries to be shown and return a tuple of handles and labels. legend(loc=(x, y)) to set the legend's lower left corner to the specified (x, y) position. x = np. Labeling existing plot elements Apr 20, 2011 · If you want to plot a Pandas dataframe and want to remove the legend, add legend=None as parameter to the plot command. boxplot #. 3 is 0. plot(, label='nolegend'). This guide makes use of some common terms, which are documented here for clarity: legend entry. edited Sep 13, 2019 at 15:53. To remove the legend border from a matplotlib plot, pass frameon=False as an argument to the matplotlib. 5, 1. Aug 4, 2014 · legend(1, 5, "This legend text should not be disturbed by the dotted grey lines,but the plotted dots should still be visible",box. A dictionary of properties to set for the annotation bounding box, for example boxstyle and alpha. Handler for PathCollection s, which are used by scatter. A filter function, which takes a (m, n, depth) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, depth) array and two offsets from the bottom left corner of the image. legend([p1, p2], ['sin(x)', 'cos(x)'], loc=1) # set the linewidth of each Nov 8, 2013 · Maybe add these information to the legend. bboxpropsdict, optional. legend_handler. Python3. legend(handles=handles, framealpha=1, frameon=True) # Render the legend fig. linspace(0,10,31) fig = plt. The curves are defined by the points ( x, y1) and ( x , y2 ). Filled contours. boxplot. Nov 26, 2022 · To solve this problem we need to place the legend outside the plot. legend() has an ncol parameter that allows you to divide your legend entries into multiple columns. But that's not the case here since the legend overlaps with one of the dots. figure() ax = fig. 7,visible=True) Sep 13, 2019 · plt. get_children(). Thus, one could use: plt. pyplot as plt # make some data x = np. pyplot as plt or . legend(['A simple line']) However, in order to keep the “label” and the legend element instance together, it is import numpy as np import matplotlib. histogram. ArtistAnimation plt. patches. _legmarker. 0. Feb 8, 2021 · plt. matplotlib 0. frameon"]. # The slices will be ordered and plotted counter-clockwise. May I ask you to how to do this. # the axe, and break the loop. Use a dummy object (aka a "proxy artist") for your extra string. items()] fig = plt. #. remove() assuming that you have imported matplotlib. Padding between the figure edge and the edges of subplots, as a fraction of the matplotlib. marker first parameter is used to change the position of the marker. 0 is at the base the legend text, and 1. 3125] The vertical offset (relative to the font size) for the markers created for a scatter plot legend entry. Another option for creating a legend for a scatter is to use the PathCollection. Jul 26, 2012 · > ax. set_alpha(alpha)[source] #. widgets import CheckButtons. import pandas as pd. Everything else works as expected. axis labels, axis spines, and the axis tick component (tick markers, tick labels, and grid lines). keys(), loc='lower right') We can then use it in the example below : If they are not, then use a list instead. arange( Mar 14, 2012 · Here's a simple example of how to do it: import numpy as np import matplotlib. When you save a file, things are not being done automatically, so you need to specify the size of your figure, and then the bounding box of your axes object. pi) y1 = np. Demo of 3D bar charts. For example, let's say you have 4 bar objects By default, Matplotlib automatically generates a legend that correctly reflects the colors and labels we passed. For my purposes it worked best to create a dict from legendHandles and change the colors like so: ax = plt. legend(['First line', 'Second line']) Parameters: handleslist of (Artist or tuple of Artist), optional. legend() method. plot(x, y1, 'b-', linewidth=1. marker='*', markersize=10) bbox_transform=ax. replace( r'\$', r'$' ). get_label(): handle for handle in leg. Alternatively, you can shrink the content of the figure, such that there is enough space for the text to fit into the original figure. For more details on legends there is also a legend guide. class matplotlib. It just displays an empty box like so: I have seen this and this, but neither has helped me so far. else: # The width of the legend is larger than that of the axe. boxplot() provides endless customization possibilities to the box plot. In this case, you can use. In addition to all the excellent answers here, newer versions of matplotlib and pylab can automatically determine where to put the legend without interfering with the plots, if possible. FancyBboxPatch is similar to Rectangle, but it draws a fancy box around the rectangle. If False, legend marker is placed to the right of the Aug 28, 2014 · DPI = 400 def export_legend(palette): # Create empty figure with the legend handles = [Patch(color=c, label=l) for l, c in palette. 1 using PyPlot x=[1,2,3,4] y=x figure() … Sure. You can also try this command, to compare : plt. fill_between(x, y1, y2=0, where=None, interpolate=False, step=None, *, data=None, **kwargs) [source] #. plot or a plt. The transformation of the rectangle box to the fancy box is delegated to the style classes defined in BoxStyle. subplots() for i in range(1, 6): Specific lines can be excluded from the automatic legend element selection by defining a label starting with an underscore. A fancy box around a rectangle with lower left at xy = ( x, y ) with specified width and height. subplots_adjust(right=0. plot(x, y2, 'r-', linewidth=1. show() Below we'll generate data from five different probability distributions Dec 7, 2023 · Customizing Legend Labels and Marker Styles in Matplotlib. get_legend_handles_labels() and this worked fine previously. Sorry , I am new to Julia. transAxes, bbox_to_anchor=[1, 0], title='Figure A Legend') You can also have a look at if you only need the legend, without the associated Artists on the plot. 3389. Approach: Jun 21, 2016 · It's very strange because the command : plt. legend(loc='upper center', bbox_to_anchor=(0. legend() frame = legend. 05), shadow=True, ncol=2) Note the introduction of the ncol=2 parameter, which sets the number of columns in the legend. legend(frameon=False) Should work very well. gca() to get the current axes. Call signature: The available output formats depend on the backend being used. get_frame(). plot() but I get the following warning, repeated for each column I'm plotting: UserWarning: The handle <matplotlib. 1) y1 = np. The whiskers extend from the box to the farthest data point lying within 1. from matplotlib. boxplot(data) plt. this is the code I use. scatter, respectively. Places a legend on the axes. cos(x) # plot of the data. cos(x) # plot sin(x) and cos(x) p1 = plt. Making the points still visible is done simply by changing the order of plotting. scatteryoffsets iterable of floats, default: [0. A good general reference on boxplots and their history can be found here You'll need to create custom artists for the elements in the legend that are not actually plotted. Jun 18, 2016 · The Legend class can be considered as a container of legend handles and legend texts. A legend is made up of one or more legend entries. svg and I like to keep this size while only We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. offsetbox as offsetbox txt=offsetbox. The following figure explains it better (the upper right corner of the figure): 2. It works if I rename the dataframe columns as 'nolegend' before running df. 0. legend(loc='lower right', ncol=2, borderaxespad=3) plt. I scripted something as example to you : import numpy as np. prop 无 or matplotlib. width. The Legend class can be considered as a container of legend handles and legend texts. values(), by_label. random. The pad argument for tight_layout is the fraction of the mean axes size, so if it is 0. lwd = 0,box. Below is a rapid example: import matplotlib. gca() might get confusing when working with May 31, 2021 · 1. 2), handles=[patch_example]) If you copy and paste the image out of Jupyter Notebook, then the title, legend, and y-label have a transparent background. tight_layout() fig. width < 1: # The width of the legend is still smaller than that of the axe. lines. Similarly for y=0 and y=1 along the height of the plot, where y=0 is the bottom matplotlib; matplotlib. Mar 11, 2023 · I'm plotting data from multiple columns of a dataframe on the same chart. I am using the function . Parameters: yfloat or array-like. A Little Bit of Python, A Little Bit of Astronomy: customized legend. legend(by_label. canvas. version of Julia :1. set_axis_off() [source] #. You can access the Axes instance (ax) with plt. pyplot. legend = plt. 1 gives an empty rectangular box, fairly large, right in the middle of the plot. legend() You can do this either by using the label= keyword in each of your plt. legend() passing the modified handles and labels. The matplotlib. The first plot shows the default style by providing only the data. 0 is at the top. pyplot, plt. Animation; matplotlib. Compute and plot a histogram. Using matplotlib. ¶. We can also confirm these insights by looking at the summary metrics of each distribution. Default is None, which will take the value from rcParams["legend. Jul 20, 2023 · In order to place the legend outside of the plot, let’s say at the center of the right side, we need to do two things. If we change inside padding with borderpad=2, we'll make the overall legend box larger (the units are multiples of the font size, similar to em ): import matplotlib. To move the legend to the bottom of your chart, you can adjust the legend() parameters as shown: ax. The lower-left corner is (0, 0) and upper-right corner is (1, 1). The second figure demonstrates how the styles of the artists can be customized. Mar 11, 2012 · If you want to fine tune the needed space, you may want to look at the add_axes method of matplotlib. pyplot as plt. In the matplotlib library, there’s a function called legend() which is used to Place a legend on the axes. Hide all visual components of the x- and y-axis. 5. Set the alpha value used for blending - not supported on all backends. boxplot(data, positions=[1,4], notch=True,\. legend(['line1']) ) makes it start working the same as 0. edited Sep 27, 2013 at 19:26. 5x the inter-quartile range (IQR) from the box. Apr 4, 2020 · plt. lgwidth_old = lgbbox. # some data. hist. Respective beginning and end of each line. legend. Let’s look at some examples of using the above method. Code snippet: ncols int,默认值:1. set_alpha(1) OR if the above doesn't work (you may be using an older version of matplotlib ): lh. Plot contour (level) curves in 3D using the extend3d option. That's really easy I could live with this solution, applying some external tool like pdfcrop to the result. DataFrame(np. get_legend() hl_dict = {handle. set_alpha(1) to make your markers opaque for a plt. legend() but still, your legend may overlap your data, and in these cases it's nice to make the legend frame transparent. savefig. The box extends from the first quartile (Q1) to the third quartile (Q3) of the data, with a line at the median. draw() # Export the figure, limiting the bounding box to the legend area, # slighly Jun 21, 2019 · hi. 5, -0. You can retrieve the label of each legend handle with lh. set_alpha(1) and since Matplotlib 3. import matplotlib. Jan 5, 2020 · The Legend class can be considered as a container of legend handles and legend texts. show() This adds extra space between the legend and the figure boundary so when it is in the lower right corner it will move up and to the left. legend (bbox_to_anchor= (x,y)) Example 1: Matplotlib set legend upper-left outside the plot. . This example demonstrates how to use the various keyword arguments to fully customize box plots. col = "white",bg = "white") points(1:10,1:10) Line breaks are achieved with the new line character . linspace(0, 2*np. You can remove the border of the legend by using the argument frameon=False in the call to plt. fancybox: None or bool Aug 16, 2015 · if lgbbox. Typically from unit coordinates in the handler box to screen coordinates. randn(10, 5)) df2. For example: ax. Putting it all together (besides the special chars - I had some problems activating TeX), try the following code: # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-. tight_layout. Bases: Patch. This sets a flag to suppress drawing of all axis decorations, i. import numpy as np. 7 but if you make the bbox move down to -0. Nov 12, 2020 · The number of marker points in the legend when creating a legend entry for a PathCollection (scatter plot). plot(x, y,'r', label='CH0', linewidth=0. This example demonstrates how to fully customize violin plots. ch0, = plt. You may exclude some horizontal sections from Jan 31, 2010 · a=legend() import matplotlib. Your solution has worked like a charm box_alignment(float, float) A tuple of two floats for a vertical and horizontal alignment of the offset box w. ax. labels takes same dimensions as the number data sets. ) are specified by the handler map, which defines the mapping between the plot elements and the legend handlers to be used (the default legend handlers are defined in the legend_handler module). Mar 26, 2018 · empty_patch = mpatches. Jan 5, 2020 · The relative size of legend markers compared with the originally drawn ones. e. set_in_layout(False) for that artist. 1. The idea here is that matplotlib would provide two images: PNG file of figure without legend. Plot contour (level) curves in 3D. get_text(). get_texts(): label. The number of marker points in the legend when creating a legend entry for a PathCollection (scatter plot). The mode="expand" will expand the legend horizontally into this bounding box, which has zero extend, effectively shrinking it to zero size. Important. y-indexes where to plot the lines. Both Iris Setosa and Veriscolor have outliers. frameon: None or bool. legend #. Rectangle with no fill and 0 linewdith below, but you could use any supported artist. 9: lh. Then, we can use the bbox_to_anchor argument that offers a degree of control for manual legend placement. To make a legend for lines which already exist on the axes (via plot for instance), simply call this function with an iterable of strings, one for each legend item. linspace(0, 10, 100) fig, ax = plt. markerscale"] = 1. Alternatively, see Nipun Batras answer if there is some choice to turn the legend off from the beginning in which case one can simply use . Adjust the padding between and around subplots. pylab. # Continue iterating. The second plot first limits what Matplotlib draws with additional keyword arguments. 2. Here is the code: To provide a more general solution to colorize the legend text with the color of the legend handle: This works not only for lines but any artist in a legend. 3 of the axes height. r. Sep 27, 2013 · 8. 0') and then moving the label to where I want it. 0) # make a legend for both plots leg = plt. subplots. set_edgecolor('1. the boxcoords . A list of Artists (lines, patches) to be added to the legend. This is default for all artists, so calling Axes. Oct 26, 2018 · Thanks @Joe Kington, Have used your second part of the solution. This plot illustrates how to create two types of box plots (rectangular and notched), and how to fill them with custom colors by accessing the properties of the artists of the box plots. hlines(y, xmin, xmax, colors=None, linestyles='solid', label='', *, data=None, **kwargs) [source] #. legend (loc='upper right') Other times you don't know where your data is, and the default loc='best' will try and place the legend: ax. Jan 16, 2013 · Moving matplotlib legend outside of the axis makes it cutoff by the figure box. 5, 0. The end user would import Dec 18, 2016 · The problem is that when you plot dynamically, matplotlib determines the borders automatically to fit all your objects. Patch(color='none', label='Extra label') plt. Sep 15, 2020 · I am trying to make one legend for all subplots in matplotlib. Attempting to move the legend with loc=2 or whatever has no effect. rand(2, N) c = np Jan 31, 2014 · I would like to ask if there is a way to print only the legend box of a figure. The syntax to set the legend outside is as given below: matplotlib. If format is set, it determines the output format, and the file is saved as fname. Within the call, you create relevant artists (using relevant properties from the legend and/or orig_handle) and add them into the handlebox. First, assign your legend to a variable when you create it: Then: lh. The transform that is applied to the legend artists being created. I searched for keywords such as align, horizontalalignment, etc. Draw a box and whisker plot. legend(loc='best') This will automatically place the legend away from the data if possible! May 29, 2021 · In this article, we will learn how to Remove the legend border in Matplotlib. # This is actually more efficient because boxplot converts # a 2-D array into a list of vectors internally anyway. legend(). Artist customization in box plots. figure) For more control of legend, see the link below. This creates one or multiple polygons describing the filled area. data = [data, d2, d2[::2]] # Multiple box plots on one Axes fig, ax = plt. set_XXX to specify the properties of the frame. arange(10) fig = plt. append(ax. Of course, it would be nicer if the PDF's page size would be exactly that of the legend (plus some Plot 2D data on 3D plot. animation. Aug 14, 2013 · After upgrading our matplotlib version, we now get empty legends using figlegend(). afm; matplotlib. markerfirst: bool. 7) Apr 25, 2018 · 6. If True, legend marker is placed to the left of the legend label. The code below is the equivalent to what you have written, but uses matplotlib's interface instead. Markers are automatically accurate. plot([5, 6, 7]) ax. Positioning the Matplotlib Legend at the Bottom. t. Line2D object at 0x000001B26EB57370> has a Violin plot customization. We can see that from how tall the box is for Iris Virginica compared to the other two. Parameters: alphaarray-like or scalar or None. 375, 0. legend(patches, labels, ) #legend alone in the figure > plt. A path, or a Python file-like object, or possibly some backend-dependent object such as matplotlib. import matplotlib import matplotlib. ) are specified by Jun 18, 2021 · you can achieve this by removing the legend and adding set_facecolor to your code, and the final code will be like that: import matplotlib. I want the entire area of the image that's created to have a solid white background. set_fontsize(10) -> the matplotlib. Project contour profiles onto a graph. backend_pdf. plot(legend=False) May 10, 2017 · Legend guide. Usually, it also places the legend in a good place. TextArea("Test 2") box = a. histogram to bin the data in x and count the number of values in each bin, then draws the distribution either as a BarContainer or Polygon. show() > > Cheers, > Francesco. Feb 17, 2021 · I would like to update the text entries of matplotlib legends without having the size of the legend updated upon doing so. legendHandles} Specific lines can be excluded from the automatic legend element selection by defining a label starting with an underscore. patches as mpatches. Fill the area between two horizontal curves. bar returns an axes object (which I would suggest using because plt. However, the legend does not appear at all, instead I can see a small gray lined square in the specified location. :param colors: A list of colors, one for each entry in the legend. Axes. Figure legend demo; Configuring the font family; Using ttf font files; Font table; Fonts demo (object-oriented style) Fonts demo (keyword arguments) Labelling subplots; Legend using pre-defined labels; Legend Demo; Artist within an artist; Convert texts to images; Mathtext; Mathtext Examples; Math fontfamily; Multiline; Placing text boxes Aug 1, 2020 · The range of petal length of Iris Virginica is bigger than both the ranges of values for Iris Setosa and Versicolor. In that case I would like to be able to set the placement of the label by first letting python/matplotlib place it using. Most users would normally create a legend via the legend() function. May 18, 2019 · If True, legend marker is placed to the left of the legend label. Feb 28, 2019 · Then you can safely create a legend that doesn't overlay your data: ax. Thanks Jae-Joon. Alternatively df. legend() function used to add the legend to the plot. plot() calls or by assigning your labels as a tuple or list within legend, as in this working example: You can set the edge color and the face color separately like this: There's more information under FancyBboxPatch here. add_subplot(1,1,1) #Plot analytic solution. df. df2 = pd. PdfPages. backends. First, let’s create a plot and add a legend to it to show how the legend looks by default. Didn't find it at first because it's not an input argument of the plt. Oct 10, 2013 · Where legend is the legend itself, orig_handle is the original plot (p_i in the above example), fontsize is the fontsize in pixels, and handlebox is a OffsetBox instance. 2) sort the handles (images) and labels the way you want. plt. By plotting a bunch of non-visible lines with non-visible markers, we can add labels to the legend and place them in the next column. replace( r'$', r'\$' ) ) This is what the resulting files look like: The legend box is well-sized in fig1. 图例的列数。 为了向后兼容,拼写ncol也受支持,但不鼓励使用。如果两者都给出,则ncols优先。. I picked a matplotlib. nz hs xp ty pm rx hc uq bz sw